[摘要]防范和化解保险道德风险可以从产品设计、承保、防灾防损、理赔等多方面着手。道德风险表现形式和实施手段的多样化是由其诱发因素的多重性决定的,如信息不对称、合同后机会主义的存在、投保人期望效用的最大化导致逆选择等。保险人可以通过以若干变量适应不同风险类型的投保人、增加过错推定条款、约定损害赔偿、有效运用免赔条款、完善保险合同奖惩系统和启用共保条款等产品设计环节对保险合同的特殊安排,来从源头上有效遏制和防范道德风险。 [关键词]保险产品设计;合同安排;道德风险 [中图分类号] F840.32 [文献标识码] A [文章编号]1004-3306(2007)06-0059-02 Abstract: Moral hazard in insurance could be prevented and dissolved in the process of product design, underwriting, catastrophes and loss prevention, claims and so on. Based on analyzing the motivation of moral hazard, this study gives insight that it could be prevented from the beginning changing product design to make some special arrangements in the insurance policy, such as to adjust some insurance clauses to meet the desires from different riskbearing policyholders, to add the presumptive fault clause, to preset indemnity, to use the deductible clause, to improve the rewards and punishment mechanism against the insurance policy, and to start up the coinsurance clause. Key words:insurance product design; policy arrangement; moral hazard