[摘要]医疗保险领域道德风险高发主要是由于个人投入之后,就诊费用由第三方付费;防控及惩罚制度的错位,医疗保险道德风险收益/支出比很大;医疗救治过程负熵信息的累积、诱导;诊疗标准个性特征明显,救治过程与愈后监管难度大;社会医疗保险领域特有的道德风险损害导致直接利益主体缺失。应在医疗保险模式设计、医疗保险宣传教育机制建设、医疗保险基金使用过程中的控制机制、在保险法律规范内逐步展开直接参与医疗保险诊疗环节等四个方面建立医疗保险道德风险高发控制机制。 [关键词]医疗保险;道德风险;约束机制 [中图分类号]F840.684[文献标识码]A[文章编号]1004-3306(2007)12-0060-03 Abstract:The high occurrence of moral risks in medical insurance is mostly due to the following facts: medical expenses are paid by the third party after an individual has bought a medical insurance; the risk control measures mismatch with the penalty system; the return/expenditure ratio of medical insurance moral risks is significant; the accumulation and induction of negentropy information during the process of medical cure; diagnosis and treatment are highly individualized while the treatment process and postrecovery regulation are quite difficult; and the unique moral risks in social medical insurance result in absence of the direct stakeholders. We should establish a control mechanism against the high occurrence of medial insurance moral risks from model design for medical insurance, publicity and education system for medical insurance, the control system for usage of medical insurance funds, and gradual application of direct participation to diagnosis and treatment process through insurance legislation. Key words:medical insurance; moral risks; control mechanism